A lot of things that try to pass themselves off as science, like homeopathy, clearly aren't scientific. But it might surprise you to know that there's no simple checklist or flow chart that lets you separate the scientific from the nice-try-but-not-quites. It's not for lack of trying; for decades, philosophers worked to figure out how a decidedly human activity could produce such reliable information, but all the big-name thinkers in the field have come up short.
Understanding why they failed is the subject of multiple graduate-level seminar classes. But if you're just interested in a brief overview, Tim Lewens can help you out.
Dr. Lewens is a philosopher of science at Cambridge University (and a Ford driver, as we discover) who's written a book called The Meaning of Science. It's meant for a general audience, yet it tackles hairy issues in the philosophy of science and throws in ruminations on the nature of humanity for free. The Meaning of Science is an odd mix that doesn't quite hang together as a coherent whole, but it's not a bad read for anyone interested in a quick-and-painless introduction to the mystery of why science works.
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